There are many varieties such as the chinese tasar silkworm. Tasar silk is generated by the worm of the silk month antheraea mylitta. Iii, issue 11 february 2016 12273 from the study conducted it was observed that the fecundity, hatching. Study the problems and prospects of rearing of muga silkworm antheraea assama westwood in boko, kamrup district of assam. The experiments were conducted with an objective to standardize the indoor rearing practice of muga silkworm to avoid early instar loss and adverse climatic conditions. Host plant selection by larvae of the muga silk moth. Many farmers are putting off silkworm rearing by 10 to 15 days to avoid high temperatures during the commercial crop season from mid october to mid november. Muga is a rare nonmulberry silk and one of the costliest natural fibers, valued for its shimmering golden color, lusture and durability.
Wild silkmoths include tasar silkworm, eri silkworm, oaktasar silkworm and muga silkworm. Fungal colonies cfu x 104g soil in tasar waste supplemented soil after 60 days with perionyx excavatus as test species. One tree can be utilized for two rearing in a year alternately during spring and autumn, thus one full grown tree can yield cocoons in a year and 5 trees are required to produce 5000 cocoons which yield one kg. Antheraea assamensis, known as the muga silkworm as a larva and assam silk moth as an adult, is a moth of the family saturniidae. The mitochondrial genome of muga silkworm antheraea. Biman b mandals biomaterials and tissue engineering laboratory at iitguwahati has been. Muga silk has a special status due to its natural golden yellow colour. In assam, muga silk weaving is an ancient craft, though there is no definite and precise mention of the time of its origin. During day time and night time, some predator attacks on 3rd to 4th instar of muga silkworm. It is found in assam in northeast india where 99% of its production occurs the larva feed on cinnamomum, laurus, litsea, carpinus, persea, magnolia, michelia, quercus, sarcostemma and symplocos. The muga silkworm also belongs to the same genus as the tasar silkworm. Studies on the influence of host plants and effect of chemical.
Studies on improvement of rearing and grainage technology of. Rearing performance of muga silkworm fed with leaves treated with selected chemicals. The indian tasar silkworm antheraea mylitta is a natural fauna of tropical india, represented by more than 20 ecoraces. Muga silkworm, revered in assam, and from which the globally famous assam silk comes, is endemic to the northeast region in india. All the strains reared at present belong to the species. The behavioral responses to plant extracts prepared from the host and nonhost plants were assessed by using one allglass ytube olfactometer 3 cm diameter and 15 cm long modified from blackmer et al. The silkworm is semidomesticated, especially in assam and feeds on aromatic leaves of soalu plants. The loss due to these insect pests is alarmingly high in the preseed aherua and jarua and seed crops chotua and bhodia compared to the commercial crops jethua and kotia. Dpph radical scavenging activity of methanolic pupae extract mpe with ic 50 value of 25. The research may help bridge the gap between patients requiring organ implants and healthy donors. Among them mulberry silk is the most important and contributes as much as 90 per cent of world production, therefore, the term silk in general refers to the silk of the mulberry silkworm. Most of the research and development of technology is confined to china, india, and japan in asia. Pdf muga silkworm, antheraea assamensis lepidoptera.
Muga silk fabrics can be washed in cold water gently with a mild detergent. The muga silkworm, antheraea assamensis, is exclusively present in the northeastern regions of india and rearing of this silkworm is a vocation unique to this region in the world. Muga silkworm antheraea assamensis helfer is endemic to assam and adjoining areas in northeastern india, and naturally produces golden silk. Pdf this book is a general introduction to the use of the silkworm and its. Muga silk is the product of the silkworm antheraea assamensis endemic to assam.
The silk produced is known for its glossy, fine texture and durability. Applied zoology gelecegi onemseyenler dernegi gonder. The silk is known for its extreme durability and has a natural yellowishgolden tint with a shimmering, glossy texture. Factors affecting on quality muga silkworm antheraea assamensis helfer seed crop production. Weaving process muga silk, which is mainly produced by the garo community of assam, is obtained from semidomesticated multivoltine silkworm. Studies on the influence of host plants and effect of. Muga silkworm antheraea assamensis helfer belongs to lepidoptera of saturniidae family and, geographically isolated only to ne region of india. Muga silkworm antheraea assamensis helfer indoor rearing. For commercial rearing, fecundity of the muga silkworm is very poor. Traditional practices and terminologies in muga eri culture.
Experienced muga farmers use to identify the preferred variety of som plants by chewing the leaves. Types of silk international sericultural commission. Pdf antioxidant and antigenotoxic effects of pupae of. Life cycle and morphology of non mulberry silkworms dr. Rearing of muga silkworm muga silkworm rear in out door on tree. Scanning electron microscopy on the postembryonic development of the mouthpart sensory structures of the muga silk moth, antheraea assamensis revealed the presence of a variety of sensilla. Muga silk industry of assam in historical perspectives. The present paper describes the comparative rearing performance of muga silkworm under indoor and outdoor rearing conditions.
Sericulture is an important labourintensive and agrobased cottage industry. Using proteins from muga silk, scientists at iit guwahati have created a bioink with live cells that can be used for 3d printing of tissues, implants and even organs at relatively lower costs. Muga silkworm cultivation has been an age old practice, it is obviously environment controlled and the rearing performance is quite different in each season. It was previously reported that muga silk cannot be dyed or bleached due to low porosity, but this is incorrect. Silkworm rearing methods for beginners agri farming. The central silk board of india has the authority to inspect muga silk products, certify their authenticity and allow traders to use the gi logo. Pdf study the problems and prospects of rearing of muga.
Iit guwahati scientists using muga silk to create 3d. Muga silkworm belongs to lepidoptera of saturniidae family and, geographically isolated only to ne region of india. The following information is all about silkworm rearing. Jayaprakash2 1central silk board, muga silkworm seed organization, p3 unit, narayanpur, north lakhimpur, assam, india 2national silkworm seed organization, central silk board bangalore, india corresponding author abstract introduction. Antioxidant and antigenotoxic effects of pupae of the muga silkworm antheraea assamensis. The larvae of these moths feed on som machilus bombycina and sualu litsaea polyantha leaves. Muga silkworms are mostly wild unlike the mulberry silkworm, which is completely. The types, distribution pattern of the sensilla remained almost the same in the different larval stages except for the number and dimension in some cases. Geographical isolation of this silkworm is indicative of its. On the other hand highest number of pathogen isolated from the 5th instar dead silkworm, least number isolated from the 3rd istar silkworm, 4th instar. Comparative study on the rearing performance of muga silkworm. India has the unique distinction of being the only country producing all the five kinds of silk mulberry, eri, muga, tropical tasar and temperate tasar. Muga silk worm is multivoltine and 56 crops are raised in a year out of which two commercial crops jethua.
Three other commercially important types fall into the category of nonmulberry silks namely. When it comes to the definition of the silkworm, it is the larva or caterpillar of the bombyx mori moth. Studies on improvement of rearing and grainage technology of muga silkworm antheraea assama westwood. Antheraea assamensis, known as the muga silkworm as a larva and assam silk moth as an. Life cycle of muga silkworm antheraea assama ww muga silkworm is a holometabolous insect passing through complete metamorphosis from egg to adult. Insect pests of muga silkworm, anthereae assamensis. This study investigated the antioxidant, antityrosinase and antigenotoxic ability of pupae of the muga silkworm antheraea assamensis. Muga silkworm seed cocoons of 8 days old were subjected to the low temperatures at 7. Comparative study on the rearing performance of muga. Largescale production of muga silk is a daunting task due to insufficient yield of seed. About 95 percent production is from mulberry silkworm. In this article we will discuss about the life cycle of various silk moths. Muga silkworm, antheraea assamensis, fecundity, reproduction, egg retention, juvenile hormone, ecdysteroid.
The muga silkworm rearing is conducted throughout the year six times year on som and soalu plantations. Already popular in usa, europe, south africa and the middle east, the next stop for muga silk seems to be japan where the designers are using it to make kimonos and other traditional japanese dresses. Yellamma department of zoology, sri venkateswara university, tirupati 517502, andhra pradesh, india. India continues to be the second largest producer of silk in the world. Effect of juvenile hormone analogues on the growth and. Abstract the muga silk industry of assam has been in existence since time immemorial. The life cycle lasts for 50 days in summer and max. Thus, in muga culture, the seed production is the most critical aspect that is considered as bottleneck in augmenting muga production neog et al. Availability of this fiber is restricted to northeastern. Muga antheraea assamensis is an economically important silkmoth endemic to the states of assam. The experiments were conducted with an objective to standardize the indoor rearing practice of muga silkworm to avoid early instar loss.
Antioxidant and antigenotoxic effects of pupae of the muga. Muga silkworm rearing being outdoor crop loss due to insect pests is a major problem encountered by the muga rearers. The tasar silkworms belong to the genus antheraea and they are all wild silkworms. Peigler abstract muga silk is the traditional heritage of assam. From time immemorial, many ethnic and tribal groups have produced muga silk. Factors affecting on quality muga silkworm antheraea.
Mahesha h b associate professor department of sericulture yuvarajas college, university of mysore, mysore, india. Bacterial community structure and diversity in the gut of. Muga silk is known for the glossy texture and its golden brown color. North eastern india for muga silkworm rearing that. Fungal colonies cfu x 104g soil in tasar waste supplemented soil on 0 day with perionyx excavatus as test species fig3. Muga silk is a variety of wild silk geographically tagged to the state of assam in india.
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